Three hundred and sixty million years ago a catastrophic collision occurred on the west coast of Newfoundland! A west-moving section of the earth's crust met with the continent of North America. On its front edge it carried a mass of heavy rock that had its origin one thousand kilometres to the east and more than five kilometres deep inside the earth's crust. That mass of peridotite was deposited, and after millions of years of snow, rain, frost and the inexorable grindings of ice age glaciers, became the Lewis Hills as we know them today.
A large proportion of the Lewis Hills is composed of peridotite, a rusty brown rock containing iron, magnesium, chromium and nickel in such concentrations that the sparse soil is almost toxic to plant life. There are, however, several species that cling to life in this hostile environment. Alpine campion, sandworts, maidenhair fern, sea thrift, moss campion, and lapland rosebay are but a few.
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